Two-cycle upright gas-engine



C. E. BISER.

TwocYcLE uPmGHT GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I0, |919.

Patented July 5, 192'1.

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TWO-CYCLE llPRIGHT GAS ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MMI` I0, 1919.

1,383,518, 1 Patentedluly5, 1921.

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CHARLES E. BISER, 0F SELMA., ALABAMA. I TWO-CYCLE UPRIGHT GAS-EN Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 5, 1921.

Application led March 10, 1919. Serial No. 281,657.

To all whom it may conce'm.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. Biene, a citizen of the United States, residin at Selma, in the county of Dallas and tate of Alabama, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Two-Cycle Upright Gas-Engines; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and it relates morel specifically to a two-cycle upright gas engine, of improved construction.

One object of this invention is to provide an improved gas engine in which the combustible mixture is pre-heated and minimizes the heating and consequent expansion of the piston-head.

Another object is to pro-vide an engine of improved construction in which the combustible mixture is compressed within the hollow piston, out o-f contact with the body of lubricating oil and out of the oil-mist that exists where a splash oiling system is emplo ed.

Yuother object-is to provide an improved internal combustion engine in which the cylinder, cranks and piston-pivots are entirely inclosed in an oli-chamber, so .as to provide for thoroughly and automaticall lubricating the working parts with maximum eficiency and minimum consumption of oil.

Another object is to provide an improved construction in which the lower cylinder head and upper part of the crank-housing are cast integrally, and the engine base and lower part of the oil chamber are cast 1n- -tegrally, so as to minimize the number of castings and to minimize the number of operations in constructin and assembling the parts, thereby general y reducing the cost of manufacture; also providing maximum rigidity, solidity and strength.

Other objects and advantages may become apparent to persons who read the following details of description in connection with the accompanying drawings, in whichz Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view, the section being taken in the axial plane of the crank-shaft and piston-head-pivots; and

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view substantially along the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Referring to these drawings in detail, the

'engine comprises a base section 5, an inter- 'castings are reduced to the minimum and the cost of manufacture is proportionately reduced. The joints between the castings are suitably packed to render them fluidtight, and suitable bolts or other fastening means are employed for securin the castings together so as to form a unitary body which is rigid and strong, and which comprises a casing or outwardly sealed chamber in which the piston head, cranks and connecting-rods are inclosed and protected from dust and other detrimental agencies. The sections 5 and 6 combine to form a hollow body comprising the lower cylinder head, the crankshaft-housing and the oil-basin, and this hollow body combines with the chambers 18 to form the outwardly sealed chamber previously mentioned.

The base section 5 is in the form of a basin which holds oil for lubricatingthe engine as hereinafter described, and crank shaft supports 13 and 14 are cast integrally with this section. Each crank shaft support 14 is spacedfrom the corresponding-'crank shaft support 13 to provide room for the cranks 15 to rotate, and the connecting rods 10 are journaled respectively on the cranks 15 and have their upper ends journaled on the ends of the piston pin 11. The middle portion of the piston pin extends diametrically through the middle portion ofthe piston head 9, while the portions of the piston pin between its middle and end portions extend through slots 16 in the cylinder 17. The slots 16 are diametrically opposite and axially parallel, and each slot 16 is sufriciently wide to avoid contact with the iston pin 11, so that the sides ofl these s ots need not be accurately milled or machined,

the purpose of these slots being to provide clearance for the piston pin 11 and to admit oil from the passages which are formed by chambers 18-of the upper main section, and

openings 19 through the intermediate section, the latter being in open communication with the oil vbasin and with the chambers 18. The intermediate section 6 is united with the lower section 5 in .a horizontal plane communicating-with the airis of the crank shaft 12, and the upper middle portion 20 of this section constitutes the lower cylinder, head which closes the lower end of the cylinder 17. This cylinder head isapertured at 21 to provide an outlet port which communicateswith or forms part of a bypass 22 .in

the wall of the cylinder 17, said bypass having its outlet into the upper portionvof the cylinder at a point immediately above the closed upper end of the piston head when the latter is in its lowermost position. TheI outlet or exhaust port 23 is diametrically opposite the upper end of the bypassv 22, and a -guard or shield 24 is formed on the upper end of the piston head to prevent a direct passage of the combustible mixture from the bypass to and through the exhaust port. This shield 24 is preferably upwardly and o utwardl curved for the purpose of preventing vthe lu ricating oil from passing beyond this ard so that the loss of oil is prevented,

the detrimental effects of oil in the cylinder is eliminated and the oil is applied to the exterior convexed surface of the piston head. In the upper portion of the intermediate section 6 is formed the inlet passage 25 which conducts combustible gas from-the carbureter 26 through a check valve 26 into the lower part of the cylinder 17.

The lubricating oil is conducted from the bottom section into the upper part of the upper main section through the. medium of pipes or oil ducts 27, and the oil drips or pours from the pipes 27 onto the upper ends of the connecting rods 10. These connecting rods may be cut away at 28 to provide 1nwardly inclined surfaces which direct the oil into the slots 16, so that the piston head is continually lubricated through these slots. Moreover, the oil is directed by the cut-away inclined portions 28v onto the piston-head pivots or endsof the piston pin 11. VTheoil flows from the upper ends of the connecting rod 10 down through the chamber 18, opening 19 and onto the cranks or wrist pins 15, and drips or flows from the cylinder 17 the bearing of the crank shaft. This obviates the necessit forhaving the cranks dip into the oil in t e lower section, and if desired, the oil may be kept at a level below the cranks 15, so that splashing and the consequent retarding of the crank shaft is avoided. InA order that oil may be caused to circulate from the lower section to the upper art of the upper main section, as described in the foregoing, any appropriate pumping system or device'^may-be employed, and have indicated at 29 a pump which is operated by means of an eccentric 30 on the crankshaft, said pum being operatively connected with the oil ucts or pipes 27.

In operation, the upward movement of the piston head draws combustible luid through the inlet 25 and valve 26 into the cylinder 17, at the same time compressing the previous charge in thel upper portion of the cylinder 17; when the explosion takes place, the piston head is forced downward, thereby compressin a charge of fluid within the piston-hea and bypass 22, at the same time warmin the chargewithin the piston head and coo ing the latter; and when the piston head has reached its lowermost position, the compressed charge passes through the passages 21-22 into the upper part of the cylinders immediately to be com ressed with the next upward movement of t e piston.

Although I have described this'embodiment of my invention very specifically, it is understood that my invention is not limited to these exact details of construction, and that I may make changes within the scope of the inventive idea disclosed in the foregoing description and following claims.

1. A n upright internal combustion engine comprising lower and intermediate and upper main sections superposed and joined to one another by substantially horizontal surfaces, the lower section comprising crankshaft supports, the intermediate section comprising passages and also comprising the lower cylinder-head between said passages, the upper main section comprising chambers and a cylinder between the chambers,

said chambers registering with said pas- 2. An upright internal combustion engine n comprising lower, intermediate and upper main sections superposed and joined to one another by plane horizontal surfaces, the lower section being formed of an integral castingA and comprising an oil-basin and crank-shaft supports, the intermediate section being formed of an integral casting and comprising passages in open communication with said oil basin and also comprising the lower cylinder head between said passages, the upper main section being formed of an integral casting and comprising chambers and a cylinder between the chambers, said chambers registering with said assages of the intermediate section, said cylinder being y formed with diametrically opposite axially parallel slots through which the interior of 13.

the chambers, said the cylinder communicates with said chambers, a piston-head in said cylinder and provided with pivots extending through said slots into said chambers, a crank-shaft supported by said lower section and connecting-rods pivoted to said pivots and crank shaft.

3. An upright internal combustion engine comprising lower and intermediate and upper mainsections superposed and joined to one another, the lower section comprising an oil-basin and crank-shaft supports, the intermediate section comprising passages .in open communication with said oil basin and also comprising the lower cylinder head between said passages, the upper main section comprising chambers and a cylinder between chambers registering with said passages 'of the intermediate section, said cylinder being formed with diainetrically opposite axially parallel slots through which the interior of the cylinder communicates with said chambers, a piston head in said cylinder and provided with pivots extending through said slots into said chambers, a crankshaft supported by said lower section, connecting-rods pivoted to said pivots and crank shaft, and means operatable by the engine to take oil from said basin of the lower section and apply it in the upper end of said chambers at points adjacent to said slots so that oil will pass through the slots to the piston head and thence gravitate through said chamber and passage to said basin.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set m f hand.

5 CHARLES E. BISER. 

